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Waukon is a city in Makee Township, Allamakee County, Iowa, United States, and the county seat of Allamakee County.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=2011-06-07 )〕 The population was 3,897 at the 2010 census. It is home to the annual (Allamakee County Fair ). ==History== Waukon is often said to be named for Waukon Decorah,〔Virgil J. Vogel, ''Indian names on Wisconsin's map'' (University of Wisconsin Press, 1991), 61.〕 a Ho Chunk (Winnebago) leader who was a U.S. ally during the 1832 Black Hawk War, although the city is also said to be named for his son Chief John Waukon. Winnebagos lived in this area of Iowa in the 1840s, before being forced to relocate to Minnesota. The first white settler arrived in 1849, and the town was founded and the Waukon Post Office opened in 1853.〔Waukon Post Office, in the (USGS Geographic Names Information System )〕 A court house was completed in 1861, and the county seat was moved to Waukon in 1867 after 8 elections attempting to decide the location of the county seat.〔W. E. Alexander, Chapter XII- Chronology, History of Allamakee County, (History of Winneshiek and Allamakee Counties, Iowa ), Western, Sioux City, 1882; pages 463-464.〕 The town was incorporated in 1883.〔Tom Savage, (A Dictionary of Iowa Place Names ), University of Iowa Press, 2007; page 231.〕 Waukon is only about 16 miles from Waukon Junction, on the Mississippi River, but the rail line between these two points was 33 miles long, climbing 600 feet through some of the roughest terrain in Iowa.〔Samuel Calvin, What Glaciers have done for Iowa, (Annual Report of the Iowa Weather and Crop Service, 1899 ) Conway, Des Moines, 1900; page 62.〕 The Waukon and Mississippi Railroad, which opened in 1877, was originally built as a narrow gauge line.〔 The line was originally controlled by the Chicago and Northwestern but was quickly acquired by the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway.〔W. E. Alexander, Railroad History, Chapter VI, History of Winneshiek County, (History of Winneshiek and Allamakee Counties, Iowa ), Western, Sioux City, 1882; page 219.〕 The line was widened to standard gauge after purchase by the Milwaukee Road. Its only marginal traffic through its existence led to the road's abandonment in the late 1960s. There is a deposit of limonite (Iron Ore) about 3 miles northeast of Waukon called Iron Hill, holding an estimated 10 million tons of ore. This is the highest point in northeastern Iowa. the Waukon Iron Company began developing an open-pit mine and ore-washing plant on this site in 1899, with a capacity of 300 tons per 10-hour shift. Production was seriously limited by the need to haul the ore 3 miles to the railroad, and the mine was, ultimately, a failure.〔S.W. Beyer, Iowa's Iron Mine, (The Iowa Engineer ), Vol. 1, No. 4 (March 1902); pages 142-150. The article includes photos.〕 A second and better capitalised attempt to mine this deposit was begun in 1907 by the Missouri Iron Company, with a railroad connection built in 1910 and a new ore processing plant completed in 1913 with a capacity of 350 to 400 tons per day.〔Ellison Orr, Iron Hill, Chapter VIII -- Geology of Allamakee County, (Past and Present of Allamakee County, Iowa, Vol. 1 ), Ellery M. Hancock, ed., S.J. Clarke, Chicago, 1913; pages 99-102.〕〔Jesse V. Howell, Treatment of the Ore, The Iron Ore Deposits Near Waukon Iowa, (Annual Report, 1914, with Accompanying Papers ), Iowa Geological Survey, Des Moines, 1916; pages 84-92. The photo of the plant on page 85 is noteworthy.〕 The total investment was estimated at $225,000,〔Ernest Wander, (The Goltra Process of Concentrating Iron Ores as Developed at Waukon, Iowa ), Thesis, School of Mines and Metallurgy, University of Missouri, Rolla, 1917; page 49. The author of this thesis appears to have worked for both the Waukon Iron Company and the Missouri Iron Company.〕 and two patents were issued for the machinery in the ore processing plant.〔Robert W. Erwin, Apparatus for Treating Ores Preparatory to Magnetic Separation, (U.S. Patent 1,295,719 ), Feb. 25, 1919.〕〔Edward F. Goltra, Thomas S. Maffitt, Jesse E. Dana, and Robert W. Erwin, Apparatus for Cleaning Clayey Ores, (U.S. Patent 1,288,404 ), Dec. 17, 1918. The drawings in this patent closely match the actual layout of the mill buildings and therefore serve as an explanation of what was inside those buildings.〕 This mine became the principal mine of the new Mississippi Valley Iron Company of St. Louis, Missouri in 1916.〔Furnace Revival in St. Louis, (The Iron Age ), Vol. 97, No. 4 (January 27, 1916); page 281〕 That year, the mine produced 10,151 tons of concentrated ore, and in 1917, it produced 22,612 tons.〔Ernest F. Burchard, Iron Ore, Pig Iron and Steel,(Mineral Resources of the United States 1917, Part I Metals ), H. D. McCaskey, ed., Government Printing Office, 1921; page 584.〕 In 1918 the mine produced over 7000 tons before it was shut down because of World War I.〔James H. Lees, (Mineral Production in Iowa for 1917 and 1918 ), Annual Report, 1918, with Accompanying Papers, Iowa Geological Survey, Des Moines, 1922?; page 48.〕 The mine never recovered from this shutdown, and the equipment was sold for scrap in 1937.〔Writers' Program of the Works Progress Administration, (Iowa -- A Guide to the Hawkeye State ), Iowa State Historical Society, 1938; page 435.〕 Iron Mine Drive and Allamakee Street cross north of the sites of both old mines ().〔the former strip mines are visible in the USGS 1m resolution LIDAR image from (Iowa Geographic Map Server )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Waukon, Iowa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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